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Authors
Khames, Doaa K.
Ibrahim, Mohamed S.
Abouelsoud, Mohamed
Zaki, Eman M.
Afifi, Abeer A. M.
El‑Erian, Mohamed A.
Abdel-Tawwab, Mohsen
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Agricultural Research Center
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Article History
Received: 16 October 2025
Accepted: 8 December 2025
First Online: 13 January 2026
Declarations
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: The authors complied with all pertinent international, national, and institutional rules regarding the ethical care and handling of fish during the trial procedures. All animals used in the present investigation received authorization from the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee (IAEC) of the Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt (ARC-CLAR-70–25).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
