Soon, Chin Fhong
Sunar, Norshuhaila Mohamed
Adris, Nur Azlina
Paiman, Nuur Azreen
Arifin, Siti Nor Hidayah
Lixandru, Laura-Madalina
Yaakob, Maizatulazrina
Jamiaan, Mahdzir
Tee, Kian Sek
Heng, Chris
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
Article History
Received: 25 February 2026
Accepted: 26 June 2026
First Online: 9 July 2026
Declarations
:
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: All authors have given consent to publish this manuscript.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: During the preparation of this manuscript, the author(s) used Gemini AI to assist in developing the outline. After using this AI tool, the author(s) critically reviewed the material, incorporated their own intellectual contributions, and edited the content as necessary, taking full responsibility for the final published work.