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Authors
Wise, Akilah https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4650-0601
Kianian, Behzad
Chang, Howard
Linton, Sabriya
Wolfe, Mary E.
Smith, Justin
Tempalski, Barbara
Des Jarlais, Don
Ross, Zev
Semaan, Salaam
Wejnert, Cyprian
Broz, Dita
Cooper, Hannah
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01 DA035101 05)
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Article History
Received: 1 April 2019
Revised: 2 November 2020
Accepted: 3 November 2020
First Online: 1 April 2021
Compliance with Ethical Standards
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: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: The Emory University Institutional Review Board (IRB) approved study protocols. All state and local jurisdictions participating in NHBS obtained human subject protections approval before conducting the 2009 NHBS survey among PWID. Activities for NHBS were approved by local IRBs for each of the 20 participating cities and by the CDC as research in which the CDC was not engaged. All participants provided verbal informed consent to take part in the interview and to be tested for HIV. Verbal rather than written consent procedures were used to protect participants. Verbal consent was documented electronically on the survey instrument by interviewers for all participants and on hard copy as required by local IRBs. All consent procedures, including verbal consent, were approved by local IRBs.
