Document is current

Article History

Received: 28 February 2023

Revised: 7 June 2024

Accepted: 9 June 2024

First Online: 27 June 2024

Declarations

:

: The authors have no conflict of interest to disclose.

: In agreement with the ethical principles of the German Psychological Society (, ) and the ethical guidelines of the University of Trier (), this anonymous research with participants aged 18+ did not require the approval of an ethics committee. Specifically, our study fulfilled the criteria for dispensation from ethical review, as set by the Ethics Committee of the University of Trier: (1) voluntary participation; (2) legal capacity and informed consent; (3) no vulnerable group of participants; (4) no inappropriate exclusion criteria; (5) no deception about participation/purpose; (6) no intimate/stigmatizing questions; (7) no greater than everyday strain; (8) no physical/psychological risks; (9) no administration of drugs; (10) no need for insurance; (11) no health-relevant incidental findings; (12) no deanonymization risk.