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Article History

Received: 9 October 2023

Revised: 11 June 2024

Accepted: 12 June 2024

First Online: 1 August 2024

Declarations

:

: None to declare.

: The authors certify that the research complies with ethical standards and was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Northwestern University (sample numbers 1–20 and 22) and the Penn State IRB (sample number 21).

: Electronic consent was obtained from all participants included in the study. On the first page of the online survey, participants were informed of the research purpose and potential risks and benefits of participating, that their participation was voluntary, and were presented with contact information for the researcher and for Northwestern University’s IRB. The research survey questions were displayed only if the participant clicked “agree” which indicated that the participant read and understood the information, were at least 18 years of age, and agreed to volunteer as a research participant for the study.