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Article History

Received: 3 January 2022

Revised: 18 September 2024

Accepted: 18 November 2024

First Online: 13 January 2025

Declarations

:

: The author(s) declare that they have no competing interests.

: The current study used published data therefore did not require an ethical approval. However, main studies received ethical approval from their respective institutes including: The PrEPVacc registration cohort study protocol was approved by the Uganda Virus Research Institute Research Ethics Committee (GC/127/18/03/637), the Uganda National Council for Science and Technology (HS2339); Ethical clearance for this analysis was obtained from the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (LSHTM MSc Ethics Ref: 12155). Ethical approvals for the cohort studies were granted by the Ethics Committees of the National Institute for Medical Research, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre and LSHTM (Approval number 5439 and 5188); The Ghanaian portion of the study was approved by the Ghana Health Service Ethical Review Committee, Accra, Ghana and the Protection of Human Subjects Committee, Family Health International, USA. The University of KwaZulu-Natal Biomedical Research Ethics Committee and the South African Medical Research Council ethics committee. All study protocols and informed consent forms were also approved by the Biomedical Research Ethics Committee at the University of KwaZulu-Natal.

: Study participants who enrolled in these trials provided either written or verbal consent. Participants confirmed their consent by signature or witnessed thumbprint.