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Article History

Received: 18 August 2024

Revised: 19 March 2025

Accepted: 27 March 2025

First Online: 23 May 2025

Declarations

:

: Some of the data in this manuscript were previously presented at the 55th Society for Psychotherapy Research International Annual Meeting, Ottawa, Canada, June 26–29, 2024. The authors have no known conflict of interest to disclose.

: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Survey and Behavioural Research Ethics Committee of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (Date: December 15, 2022 / No. SBRE-22-0275).

: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.