Engelhardt, Robin https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8300-8252
Maes, Jürgen https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2276-098X
Grubbs, Joshua B. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2642-1351
Trommer, Dominik https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1423-4252
Kraus, Shane W. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0404-9480
Funding for this research was provided by:
Kindbridge Research Institute and the International Center for Responsible Gaming
dtec.bw – Digitalization and Technology Research Center of the Bundeswehr. dtec.bw is funded by the European Union – NextGenerationEU
Article History
Received: 11 September 2024
Revised: 31 July 2025
Accepted: 1 August 2025
First Online: 20 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors report no conflicts of interest for the study.
: Research was conducted in compliance with ethical standards. Participant data were processed anonymously and with informed consent. This research did not involve animals. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Nevada, Las Vegas (IRB Approval: UNLV-2022-401; approved on 08/22/2022).