Wu, Yang
Liang, Qianyong https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9172-1828
Liu, Huachun
Wang, Jinpeng
Xiao, Xi
Dong, Yifei
Guo, Binbin
Ni, Xin
Zhao, Jing
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (42276087)
China Geological Survey, Ministry of Natural Resources (DD20221706)
China Geological Survey, Ministry of Natural Resources (DD20230065)
The Director General’s Scientific Research Fund of Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey (2023GMGSJZJJ00017)
The Guangzhou Science and Technology Planning Project (2024FY101005)
The Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy and Natural Gas Hydrate, Chinese Academy of Sciences (NERC2024005)
Article History
Received: 1 September 2025
Accepted: 7 April 2026
First Online: 17 April 2026
Declarations
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.