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Article History

Received: 27 June 2019

Accepted: 4 January 2020

First Online: 23 January 2020

Compliance with Ethical Standards

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: CSH has filed a patent application on brain stimulation, received honoraria as editor from Elsevier Publishers (Amsterdam), and authored articles on ADHD published by Elsevier and Oxford University Press. AP declares that she served on advisory boards, gave lectures, performed phase 3 studies, or received travel grants within the last 3 years from Eli Lilly and Co, Lundbeck, MEDICE Arzneimittel, Pütter GmbH and Co KG, Novartis, Servier, and Shire; and has authored books and articles on ADHD published by Elsevier, Hogrefe, Schattauer, Kohlhammer, Karger, and Springer. APL declares that she received travel grants within the last year from MEDICE Arzneimittel Pütter GmbH and Co. KG and authored articles on ADHD published by Elsevier, Thieme, Springer, and Oxford University Press. The other authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

: All procedures performed in this study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee (medical ethics review committee of the University of Oldenburg, 102/2016) and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.