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Article History

Received: 16 June 2020

Accepted: 8 September 2020

First Online: 19 September 2020

Compliance with ethical standards

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: C.M.P is an equity stockholder and consultant, and Board of Director Member, of BioClassifier LLC and GeneCentric Diagnostics. C.M.P is also listed an inventor on patent applications on the Breast PAM50 and Lung Cancer Subtyping assays. M.K. receives research support from Merck, Agenus and AgenTus. M.K. is a consultant for XCella Biosciences and Agenus. K.K.W. is a founder and equity holder of G1 Therapeutics. K.K.W. has sponsored Research Agreements with MedImmune, Takeda, TargImmune and BMS. K.K.W. has consulting & sponsored research agreements with AstraZeneca, Janssen, Pfizer, Novartis, Merck, Ono and Array. S.A. receives research funding to institution from Genentech, Merck, BMS, Amgen, Novartis and Celgene and is uncompensated consultant or steering committee member for BMS, Genentech and Merck.

: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The protocol was approved by the NYU IRB for the following studies (a) Phase 2 nab-paclitaxel plus pembrolizumab in HER2-negative breast cancer (15–00441, ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02752685), (b) the NYU institutional universal collection protocol (16–00122) and (c) Dissecting the Immunobiology of Breast Cancer protocol (S17-01382).

: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.