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Article History

Received: 11 November 2024

Accepted: 29 January 2025

First Online: 17 February 2025

Declarations

:

: Arndt Hartmann had an advisory role and received honoraria for lectures or consulting/advisory boards from Abbvie, Agilent, AstraZeneca, Biocartis, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, Cepheid, Diaceutics, Gilead, Illumina, Ipsen, Janssen-Cilag, Lilly, Merck, MSD, Nanostring, Novartis, Pfizer, Qiagen, QuIP GmbH, Roche, Sanofi, and 3DHistech. Ramona Erber has received honoraria from Roche, Eisai, Pfizer, BioNTech, Veracyte (PROCURE), Diaceutics, Mindpeak, AstraZeneca, MEDAC, Lilly and Novartis. The institution of Arndt Hartmann and Ramona Erber conducts research for, AstraZeneca, Biocartis, Biontech, Cepheid, Gilead, Illumina, Janssen-Cilag, Nanostring Technologies, Mindpeak, MSD, Novartis, Owkin, palleos healthcare, Owkin, Qiagen, QuIP GmbH, Roche, Sanofi, Stratifyer and Zytovision. Caroline I. Preuss has received honoraria and travel expenses from MSD, AstraZeneca and Daiichi-Sankyo. All the other authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

: This study was approved by the ethics committee of the Faculty of Medicine at Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) (ref. number 24–41-Br). All procedures were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Written informed consent for interventional breast biopsy and open surgical excision was obtained for all patients. Supplemental agreement to the study was waived due to the retrospective study design including only anonymized data analysis. There was no use of animal research within this project.