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Article History

Received: 18 September 2025

Accepted: 7 November 2025

First Online: 21 November 2025

Declarations

:

: S.C., C.L., S.S., and M.T-S. are employees of AstraZeneca with stocks/shares and/or stock/share options.

: Ethical review and approval were waived for this study due to GRN’s existing IRB waiver, which allows to utilize protected health information to create de-identified data sets for any study that “benefits public health”, with a waiver of patient consent for the use of the PHI. Once the de-identified dataset is created it is exempt from HIPAA; however, it still falls under use requirements from our partner's internal policies.

: For the GRN dataset, this study analysed fully de-identified secondary data and did not require consent to participate. Participants of the IQVIA Research Network are registered members of a national network of registered healthcare providers (HCPs) who are financially compensated for completing surveys aligned with their scope of practice and/or expertise. As part of their enrollment into the network, they are informed of the use of the collected survey data for research purposes and associated anonymity, as sponsors of the research are blinded to participant identity.

: We, the authors, hereby grant permission to publish this manuscript. We confirm that the content of this manuscript is original and has not been published elsewhere. We also affirm that all authors have contributed significantly to the work and have reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript. We understand that by granting this consent, the contents of this article may be used for publication in the specified journal, which may be available in print and/or online, and may be accessible to a broad audience, including the general public. We also acknowledge that we have obtained all necessary permissions for any third-party material included in the manuscript.