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Authors
Iwai, Chikako
Konishi, Takaaki
Miyawaki, Atsushi
Okada, Akira
Isogai, Toshiaki
Jo, Taisuke
Yasunaga, Hideo
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan (23AA2003)
The University of Tokyo
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Article History
Received: 11 July 2025
Accepted: 8 October 2025
First Online: 25 November 2025
Declarations
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: Dr. Miyawaki received consulting fees from M3, Inc. and Datack, Inc.; lecture fees from Janssen Pharma and the Yomiuri Shimbun (in the last 36 months); and grants from Evidence Studio (2023–2025), the Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare (Health Labour Sciences Research Grant), and Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (24K02701) outside the submitted work.
: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the University of Tokyo, which waived the requirement for informed consent due to the anonymity of the patient database (approval number: 2021010NI). The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments.
