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Authors
Schupp, Eric
Gokun, Yevgeniya
Eckstein, Jacob
Stover, Daniel G.
Jhawar, Sachin
Quiroga, Dionisia
Gatti-Mays, Margaret E.
Cherian, Mathew
Cho, Min-Jeong
Johnson, Kai C. C.
LeFebvre, Heather
Chen, JC
Elsaid, Mohamed I.
Obeng-Gyasi, Samilia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5330-7247
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
IBC Foundation Network
Conquer Cancer Breast Cancer Research Foundation Career Development Award
METAvivor
Conquer Cancer Breast Cancer Research Foundation Advanced Clinical Research Award for Diversity and Inclusion in Breast Cancer Research
American Cancer Society (RSG-22-106-01-CSCT)
Society of University Surgeons
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Article History
Received: 10 September 2025
Accepted: 9 December 2025
First Online: 16 December 2025
Declarations
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: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
: This study was conducted using data from the National Cancer Database (NCDB), which is provided as a HIPAA-compliant limited data set. The Office of Responsible Research Practices at The Ohio State University determined that this study was exempt from Institutional Review Board review.
: This study was conducted using data from the National Cancer Database (NCDB), which is provided as a HIPAA-compliant limited data set. No individual patient consent was required.
: Not applicable. This study used data from the National Cancer Database (NCDB), a registry maintained by the American College of Surgeons and the American Cancer Society. The dataset does not contain individual patient identifiers, and patient-level consent for publication was not required.
