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Authors
Wang, Qichen https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1183-9939
Van Alsten, Sarah C.
Ji, Xiaojia
Salim, Esraa
Salazar, Nicole
Scott, John E.
Yang, Xiaohe
Onyenwoke, Rob U.
Troester, Melissa A. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9506-6624
Williams, Kevin P. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6930-4630
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center; University Cancer Research Fund of North Carolina (OG22873776)
Susan G. Komen (OGUNC1202, TREND21686258, SAC210102)
National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (RCMI U54MD012392 and R01MD017405)
National Cancer Institute (R01CA253450)
National Cancer Institute Specialized Program of Research Excellence (SPORE) in Breast Cancer (NIH/NCI P50-CA058223)
Breast Cancer Research Foundation (HEI-23-003)
U.S. Department of Defense (HT94252310235)
National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health (P30CA016086)
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Article History
Received: 7 November 2025
Accepted: 21 December 2025
First Online: 22 January 2026
Declarations
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: The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill has a license of intellectual property interest in GeneCentric Diagnostics and BioClassifier, LLC, which may be used in this study. The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill may benefit from this interest that is/are related to this research. The terms of this arrangement have been reviewed and approved by the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Conflict of Interest Program in accordance with its conflict of interest policies.
: The study was approved by the University of North Carolina Institutional Review Board in accordance with U.S. Common Rule. This study complied with relevant ethical regulations, including the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Informed consent was obtained at enrollment for conducting interviews, collecting tumor samples, and accessing pathology reports and medical records previously collected through the CBCS. This study involves secondary analysis from de-identified CBCS data and is strictly observational, requiring no interaction with study participants.
