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Article History

Received: 5 January 2026

Accepted: 11 March 2026

First Online: 30 March 2026

Declarations

:

: HSR received grants or contracts from AstraZeneca, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Lilly, Merck & Co., Daiichi Sankyo, Inc., Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Pfizer, F. Hoffman-La Roche/Genentech, StemlineTherapeutics, and Ambryx to prior institution (UCSF), and from Bicycle Therapeutics, F. Hoffman-La Roche/Genentech, and Stemline Therapeutics to current institution (City of Hope) and received consulting fees from Napo, Bristol Myers Squibb, Helsinn, and BioNTech. NV received grants or contracts for research funding to institution (MGH) from Merck, Daehwa, Pfizer, Radius, Novartis, Stemline, and Ellipses; consulting fees for advisory board participation (all ended) from AbbVie, OncoSec, Aadi, Gilead, TerSera, Novartis, Pfizer, and IDEOlogy Health; and participated in steering committees for Celucity and Stemline (ended). Other authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.

: The trial was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and the International Conference on Harmonisation Good Clinical Practice guidelines. The protocol was approved by institutional review boards or independent ethics committees at each participating trial center before the start of the trial.

: All patients provided written informed consent to participate in the study.

: Not applicable.