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Authors
Yang, Yu’e
Ha, Chunfang
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82460304)
Natural Science Foundation of Ningxia Province (2023AAC03589)
Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Key Research and Development Plan Project (2023BEG01001)
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Article History
Received: 14 July 2025
Accepted: 22 November 2025
First Online: 21 January 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
: The NHANES protocol has been reviewed and approved by the National Center for Health Statistics research ethics review board. This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Written informed consent for participation in this study was provided by the participants’ legal guardians/next of kin.
: Not Applicable.
