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Authors
Mathoma, Anikie https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2464-843X
Tshisimogo, Gontse
Sartorius, Benn https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6761-2325
Mahomed, Saajida https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7095-9186
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
University of KwaZulu-Natal
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Article History
Received: 16 November 2025
Accepted: 18 March 2026
First Online: 3 April 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: A waiver for informed consent to extract and use the data from the databases was obtained in accordance with 45CFR 46.116. For confidentiality, data were exported in CSV format without personal identifying information, and the data were accessible only to the study team.
: N/A.
: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Biomedical Research Ethics Committee at the University of KwaZulu Natal, the University of Botswana Ethics Committee and the Human Research Development Committee at the MoH, Botswana. Permissions were sought from the MoH to access data from the national cancer registry and the data warehouse databases.
