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Authors
Toya, Takumi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4681-2798
Naganuma, Tsukasa
Suyama, Yohsuke
Hayashi, Katsumi
Adachi, Takeshi
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Defense Medical College
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Article History
Received: 21 May 2025
Accepted: 15 August 2025
First Online: 27 August 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
: Given the retrospective design and use of de-identified data, the requirement for written informed consent was waived.
: The Ethics Committee of National Defense Medical College (Saitama, Japan) approved the study (#4401) on 9 April 2021.
