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Authors
Arteche, Adriane https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2586-4900
de Andrade Leão, Otávio Amaral https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5253-7665
Martins, Rafaela Costa https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3538-7228
Murray, Lynne
Munhoz, Tiago N. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1281-9542
Salvador-Silva, Roberta https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7729-7928
Domingues, Marlos Rodrigues https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2503-2944
Murray, Joseph https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5511-3454
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universidade Federal De Pelotas
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Article History
Received: 18 September 2025
Accepted: 17 April 2026
First Online: 16 May 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.
: Two approvals were obtained by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Pelotas (School of Physical Education #26746414.5.0000.5313 and Medical School #03837318.6.0000.5317) for perinatal and age four follow-ups. Caregivers provided written informed consent at each study follow-up. Further details of the 2015 Pelotas Cohort can be found elsewhere (Hallal et al. ; Murray et al. , ). This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
