Chan, Kai Li https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3402-5743
Zainuddin, Halimatun Sakdiah https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7148-7395
Awang Biak, Dayang Radiah https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3029-6581
Abdullah, Luqman Chuah https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4785-9296
Abdullah, Norhafizah https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5130-5400
Funding for this research was provided by:
UPM Putra Grant GP-IPM (GP-IPM/2022/9730600)
Article History
Received: 13 December 2025
Accepted: 6 April 2026
First Online: 22 April 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare that there are no conflict of interest.