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Authors
Gong, Faming
Wang, Hao
Du, Chengze
Hao, Junjie
Gao, Jingcheng
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Qingdao Natural Science Foundation (23-2-1-162-zyyd-jch)
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Article History
Received: 24 February 2025
Revised: 18 June 2025
Accepted: 29 July 2025
First Online: 9 October 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declared that they have no conflicts of interest in this work.
: This study did not involve human or animal subjects, and thus, no ethical approval was required. The study protocol adhered to the guidelines established by the journal.
: Written informed consent for publication was obtained from all participants.
