Xu, Lizhi
Zhu, Liqiang
Hu, Jingyu
Guo, Baoqing
Funding for this research was provided by:
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (2022JBQY002)
National Key R&D Program of China (2023YFB3211103)
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Rail Autonomous Operation (RAO2023ZZ002)
Beijing Natural Science Foundation (L231002)
Article History
Received: 8 May 2025
Revised: 30 August 2025
Accepted: 15 January 2026
First Online: 23 February 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.