Abboud, Aline
Brahmia, Mohamed El Amine https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0114-210X
Abouaissa, Abdelhafid https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0459-8081
Shahin, Ahmad https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4704-3035
Mazraani, Rocks
Funding for this research was provided by:
Université de Haute-Alsace
Article History
Received: 5 June 2025
Revised: 3 March 2026
Accepted: 5 March 2026
First Online: 3 June 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests (financial or non-financial) and have no affiliations or relationships that could be perceived as influencing the findings of this work.
: Not applicable. This study utilized the publicly available CU-BEMS dataset, which includes de-identified building-level measurements. Since no human participants or animal data were involved, ethical approval and informed consent were not required.
: Not applicable, as no identifiable personal data or images are included in this study.