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Authors
Yue, Hongqiang
Rasool, Zeeshan
Faridi, Muhammad Zahir
Ali, Sajid
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
The work was supported by Judicial Empirical Research on the Punitive Damages System of Intellectual Property Rights, General Project of the National Social.
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Article History
Received: 20 July 2024
Accepted: 18 November 2025
First Online: 10 January 2026
Declarations
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: N/A.
: N/A.
: No human or animal was harmed during the current investigation.
: On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that no conflict of interest is associated with this manuscript.There are no financial or non-financial interests related to this work that need to be disclosed by the authors.
