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Authors
Arham, Muhammad https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4722-9774
Bhat, Adnan https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7479-8495
Ali, Zahra https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5200-3696
Ishtiaq, Saniya https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2005-9059
Bakht, Kinza https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1108-2607
Abdul Rehman, Muhammad https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3540-0998
Ahmed, Adil https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3163-9396
Chauhan, Anchit https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3834-144X
Dad, Allah https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6780-8970
Haider, Faseeh https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0592-0709
Draganov, Peter V. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3922-0882
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Article History
Received: 12 September 2025
Accepted: 10 December 2025
First Online: 7 January 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. We acknowledge and adhere to the Japanese society of gastroenterology (JSGE) Conflict of interest policy and its defined COI threshold.
: This investigation is a meta-analysis that utilizes data extracted from previously published studies and does not involve direct interaction with human or animal subjects; accordingly, institutional review board approval was not applicable. All included studies reported compliance with the ethical principles outlined in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments. All authors have reviewed and approved the final manuscript and consent to its publication.
: The authors affirm adherence to the guidelines of the committee on publication ethics (COPE) and the recommendations of the international committee of medical journal editors (ICMJE), defining the role of authors and contributors.
