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Article History

Received: 12 July 2018

Accepted: 15 October 2018

First Online: 27 October 2018

Compliance with ethical standards

:

: All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers’ bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge, or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.

: All experiments were conducted in accordance with the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO) statement for the use of animals in ophthalmic and vision research as well as with the guidelines of the Canadian Council on Animal Care (CCAC: ) and were approved by the McGill University-Montreal Children’s Hospital animal care committee, an Institutional Review Board accredited by the CCAC.

: This article does not contain any studies with human participants performed by any of the authors.

: All procedures performed in studies involving animals were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institution or practice at which the studies were conducted.

: As this article does not contain any studies with human participants performed directly by any of the authors, the concept of informed consent is not applicable.