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Article History

Received: 13 August 2020

Accepted: 21 September 2020

First Online: 14 October 2020

Compliance with ethical standards

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: Melanie M. Frigault, Ryan Hartmaier, Ghada F. Ahmed, Coumaran Egile, Shethah Morgan, Remy B. Verheijen and Anders Mellemgaard are AstraZeneca employees and shareholders. Ryan Hartmaier also owns shares in Foundation Medicine, and has a patent pending for Foundation Medicine. Melanie M. Frigault is also a patent holder for AstraZeneca. Yi-Long Wu has received personal fees from AstraZeneca, Roche, Boehringer Ingelheim, Pfizer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Merck Sharp & Dohme, and Sanofi; and grants from AstraZeneca, Roche, and Boehringer Ingelheim. Jin-Ji Yang declares no conflict of interest. Jian Fang declares no conflict of interest. Yong-Qian Shu declares no conflict of interest. Jian-Hua Chang declares no conflict of interest. Jian Xing He declares no conflict of interest. Wei Li declares no conflict of interest. Xiao-Qing Liu declares no conflict of interest. Nong Yang declares no conflict of interest. Caicun Zhou declares no conflict of interest. Jian An Huang declares no conflict of interest. Liu Yang declares no conflict of interest. No other disclosures were reported.

: All procedures performed in this study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.