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Simulating and evaluating individualized cognitive abilities of Iranian EFL learners in orthography acquisition using multi-layer perceptron neural network–gray wolf optimizer computational model

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-11825-2

Published Online: 2023-07-19

Published Print: 2024-04

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Parvizi, Gholam-Reza

Tavakoli, Mansoor

Amiryousefi, Mohammad

Rezazadeh, Mohsen
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2023-07-19

Version of Record valid from 2023-07-19
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Article History

Received: 12 July 2022

Accepted: 12 April 2023

First Online: 19 July 2023

Declarations

:

: The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.

: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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