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Authors
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Key Project of China Adult Education Association Adult Continuing Education Research (No. 2023-452ZA)
the Innovation Fund of Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education of China, Digital Learning Technology Integration and Application (No. 1321002)
Key Project of Sichuan Province High Skill Talent Training Research (No. CRSZP202310)
Key Project of the Open University of China (No. Z23C0003)
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Article History
Received: 5 August 2024
Accepted: 5 December 2024
First Online: 23 December 2024
Declarations
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: Participants were informed that their responses would be anonymous and used solely for academic research purposes. All data were handled in accordance with ethical guidelines and protected using appropriate security measures to ensure confidentiality.
: All authors confirm that they have given their consent for this manuscript to be published in Education and Information Technologies. Each author has reviewed the final version of the manuscript and approves of its submission for publication. We understand that once the manuscript is accepted and published, it cannot be withdrawn or retracted without valid reasons and the permission of the journal.
: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
