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Authors
Özdoğru, Asil Ali https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4273-9394
Geçer, Ekmel https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3367-2236
Bağcı, Hakkı https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6211-9694
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Marmara University
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Article History
Received: 6 November 2024
Accepted: 9 June 2025
First Online: 24 June 2025
Declarations
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: The research procedures comply with ethical principles for research with human participants consistent with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments and comparable ethical standards. Ethical approval for this study was granted by the Educational Research and Publication Ethics Board at Sakarya University (Approval Date: 23.11.2023; Approval Number: 25/6) before the data collection took place. All participants voluntarily participated in the study with the assurance of confidentiality and anonymity of responses. Participants were informed about the purpose of the study and their rights before and after participation. All participants completed the online survey in the same order. Participants were not paid for their participation in the research but had a chance to receive extra course credit for their research participation.
: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
