Hemdanou, Abderrafik Laakel https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1189-1352
Achtoun, Youssef https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5334-2383
Tahiri, Ismail https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7723-3721
Lamarti Sefian, Mohammed https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8270-2660
Article History
Received: 18 November 2024
Accepted: 5 October 2025
First Online: 21 October 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.