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Authors
Aghabarary, Maryam https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2202-7859
Yıldırım, Tuğba Öztürk https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6853-8996
Karaman, Mesut https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7584-0800
Norouzinia, Roohangiz https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9979-4319
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Article History
Received: 27 June 2025
Accepted: 13 October 2025
First Online: 27 October 2025
Declarations
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: The research procedures comply with ethical principles for research with human participants consistent with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments and comparable ethical standards. Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Alborz University of Medical Sciences (code: IR.ABZUMS.REC.1403.171) before the data collection took place. All participants voluntarily participated in the study with the assurance of confidentiality and anonymity of responses. Participants were informed about the study’s purpose, their right to withdraw, and the confidentiality of their data. Consent was implied through the voluntary completion of the online questionnaire.
: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
