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Authors
Wang, Hsin-Yun https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0963-1824
Sun, Jerry Chih-Yuan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7892-4313
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University
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Article History
Received: 11 December 2024
Accepted: 7 January 2026
First Online: 20 March 2026
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the institute’s IRB and was conducted in accordance with ethical guidelines.
: Informed consent was obtained from all participants, who were informed of the study’s purpose, procedures, risks, and their right to withdraw. All data were anonymized and used solely for research purposes.
: The authors declare no financial (e.g., stocks, consultation fees, patents) or non-financial (e.g., editorial roles, advisory positions) conflicts of interest that could influence this work.
