Funding for this research was provided by:
University of Manitoba (University of Manitoba)
Dongbei University of Finance and Economics (Dongbei University of Finance and Economics)
Concordia University (Concordia University)
The Institute for the Governance of Private and Public Organizations (The Institute for the Governance of Private and Public Organizations)
Article History
Received: 7 May 2024
Revised: 22 August 2025
Accepted: 25 August 2025
First Online: 3 September 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. This research does not involve human participants or animals.