Peñaherrera-Palma, César https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6621-201X
McClintock, Brett T. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6154-4376
Dudgeon, Christine L. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5059-7886
Frusher, Stewart https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2493-3676
Hearn, Alex R. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4986-098X
Hobday, Alistair J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3194-8326
Espinoza, Eduardo
Semmens, Jayson https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1742-6692
Funding for this research was provided by:
SENESCYT
Holsworth Wildlife Research Endowment
Blake, Kimberly and George Rapier Charitable Trust
WWF Prince Bernard Scholarships
Lindblad Expeditions
Galapagos Conservancy
Article History
Received: 21 June 2024
Accepted: 24 May 2025
First Online: 10 June 2025
Change Date: 26 June 2025
Change Type: Update
Change Details: In the original version of this article, Figure 1 appeared incorrectly. Full information regarding the correction made can be found in the correction for this article.
Change Date: 27 June 2025
Change Type: Correction
Change Details: A Correction to this paper has been published:
Change Details: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-025-01721-8
Declarations
:
: Our acoustic tagging and underwater visual survey methods complied with animal welfare laws, guidelines and policies as approved by the University of Tasmania Animal Ethics Committee (permit number A13641), by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the University of California – Davis (permit number IACUC PROTOCOL #16022), by the Directorate of the Galapagos National Park (permit number PC-60–13), and by the Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development of Colombia (permit number DTPA 002–18).
: This study supports the use of this approach as an alternative tool for monitoring the population size of this critically endangered species in an aggregation hotspot. Results suggest hammerhead shark aggregations at Darwin Island are comprised of mostly transient individuals and a relatively low daily abundance of unique resident individuals. This study also provides a solid baseline for transitioning the use of this approach to other marine species; however, specific behavioral and environmental traits should be carefully reviewed to reduce the likelihood of model violations.
: The authors declare no competing interests. Furthermore, Dr. Alex Hearn is on the Editorial Board of this journal, but he was not involved in the peer review of this article and had no access to information regarding its peer review.