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Authors
Błońska, Dagmara https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2200-3347
Janic, Bartosz https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2134-1555
Tarkan, Ali Serhan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8628-0514
Piria, Marina https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6324-9282
Bănăduc, Doru
Švolíková, Kristína Slovák https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0746-2609
Števove, Barbora
Lappalainen, Jyrki https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4631-3788
Pyrzanowski, Kacper https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0684-7750
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Uniwersytet Łódzki (IDUB 43/2021)
HORIZON EUROPE Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions (project 101105250 - PROSPER)
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Article History
Received: 7 December 2024
Accepted: 9 July 2025
First Online: 23 July 2025
Declarations
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: This article does not contain any studies with human participants performed or experiments conducted on animals by any of the authors. All care and use of animals were complied with animal welfare international/national laws, guidelines, and policies. The collection of round goby individuals did not require special approval from an Ethical Committee in all the countries sampled, including Türkiye, Croatia, Slovakia, Poland, and Finland. In each country, the capture of fish was conducted in accordance with national regulations, which, in the cases of Türkiye, Croatia, and Poland, necessitated additional tenancy agreements (E-67852565–140.03.03–5071302, UP/I-324–01/22–01/5, and PGR-W/Z/704/2022, respectively). The euthanasia procedure involved the use of spinal cord rupture, a method chosen to ensure the humane treatment of animals and to prevent unnecessary suffering in accordance with ARRIVE guidelines.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
