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Authors
Hernández-Torrano, Daniel https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9137-2392
Ibrayeva, Laura
Sergazina, Manat
Burambayeva, Anara
Kulsary, Aiida
Vella-Brodrick, Dianne
Eadie, Patricia
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Nazarbayev University, Central Asian Research Center for Educational Innovation and Transformation (GSE2023006)
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Article History
Received: 13 May 2025
Accepted: 7 November 2025
First Online: 24 November 2025
Declarations
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: This study received ethical approval from the Institutional Research Ethics Committee (IREC) of the corresponding author’s institution (approval number: 870/01032024).
: Informed consent was obtained from parents or legal guardians. Children’s assent was sought at multiple stages through age-appropriate explanations.
: The authors declare that no conflict of interest exists with regard to this research.
