Funding for this research was provided by:
Bursa Uludag University
Article History
Received: 15 August 2025
Accepted: 17 March 2026
First Online: 13 April 2026
Declarations
Ethics Approval: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Social and Human Sciences Research and Publication Ethics Committee of Bursa Uludag University (Protocol code 2025–01, approval date: 03 February 2025).
Informed Consent: Informed consent was obtained verbally from all participants prior to participation in the study.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) Use Statement: Artificial intelligence tools (specifically ChatGPT by OpenAI) were used in a limited and controlled manner for language editing, text organization, and improving clarity during manuscript preparation. All research questions, study design, data collection, analyses, and interpretations were conducted entirely by the authors.
Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.