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Authors
Ozaki, Shinji https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4243-8479
Chaplow, Jacqueline S.
Dodd, Beverley
Grant, Helen https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7667-5500
Pereira, M. Glória https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3740-0019
Potter, Elaine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3815-7965
Sale, Richard G. https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4661-6197
Sleep, Darren https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1128-1883
Thacker, Sarah
Watson, Steve J.
Walker, Lee A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1471-7075
Qassim, Suzane M. https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1947-4344
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural England (CPD001)
Natural England (CPD001)
Natural England (CPD001)
Natural England (CPD001)
Natural England (CPD001)
Natural England (CPD001)
Natural England (CPD001)
Natural Environment Research Council (NE/Y006208/1)
Natural Environment Research Council (NE/Y006208/1)
Natural Environment Research Council (NE/Y006208/1)
Natural Environment Research Council (NE/Y006208/1)
Natural Environment Research Council (NE/Y006208/1)
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Article History
Received: 16 May 2025
Accepted: 18 March 2026
First Online: 11 April 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval: This is an observational study utilising specimens that have died due to natural or accidental causes. The UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology Animal Research Ethics Committee has confirmed that no ethical approval is required.
Conflict of interests: Shinji Ozaki declares financial support was provided by Natural England and UK Research and Innovation Natural Environment Research Council for this research. There is no other competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
