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Bridging Reasoning in Mathematics and Science: a Document Analysis of Applying and Reasoning in the TIMSS Assessment Framework and the Case for Utilization of Resources

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-025-10115-2

Published Online: 2026-02-18

Published Print: 2026-12

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Choi, Kyong Mi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9213-7175
Mun, Jin https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2966-1755
Hand, Brian https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0574-7491
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-02-18

Version of Record valid from 2026-02-18
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Article History

Received: 17 April 2025

Accepted: 29 December 2025

First Online: 18 February 2026

Declarations

:

: The research did not require IRB approval because the study does not involve Human Participants and/or Animals.

: We have no known conflict of interest to disclose.

: The authors report no competing interests.

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