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Authors
Mphaga, Khathutshelo Vincent
Utembe, Wells
Mbonane, Thokozani P.
Rathebe, Phoka C.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
University of Johannesburg
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Article History
Received: 5 September 2024
Accepted: 18 July 2025
First Online: 7 August 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funder had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.
: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the University of Johannesburg Faculty of Health Sciences Research Ethics Committee (REC) (Clearance Number REC-1889-2023) and the Higher Degree Committee (HDC-01-115-2022).
: Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study.
