Qin, Jianxun
Li, Jin
Su, Sibiao
Yuan, Guoli
Ouyang, Xindong
Zheng, Guodong
Xue, Menglong
Liu, Zhe
Huang, Xiaoxia
Wei, Meixue Liang· Changxi
Funding for this research was provided by:
Guangxi Science and Technology Department (AB23026041)
Article History
Received: 25 November 2025
Accepted: 11 February 2026
First Online: 20 February 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was conducted in strict accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The human blood data were obtained from the Guangxi Key Research and Development Program project “Multicenter Study on Carcinogenic Effects and Spatial Prediction Model of Heavy Metal Exposure in High-Incidence Areas of Primary Liver Cancer in Guangxi” (Grant No. AB23026041). The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Guangxi Medical University (Approval No.: 2022–0181).