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Authors
Alping, Peter https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4710-6326
Frisell, Thomas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5735-9626
He, Anna https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6924-8798
Hillert, Jan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7386-6732
Fink, Katharina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0030-0236
McKay, Kyla A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9081-1522
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Karolinska Institute
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Article History
Received: 31 January 2025
Accepted: 1 July 2025
First Online: 24 July 2025
Declarations
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: All authors have previously used data from the Swedish MS register in their studies. PA, TF, and AH have no other disclosures. JH is the former register holder for the Swedish MS register and has additionally received honoraria for serving on advisory boards for Biogen, Bristol-Myers-Squibb, Janssen, Merck KGaA, Novartis, Sandoz, and Sanofi-Genzyme, received speaker fees from Biogen, Janssen, Novartis, Merck, Teva, Sandoz, and Sanofi-Genzyme, and served as P.I. for projects sponsored by, or received unrestricted research support from, Biogen, Bristol-Myers-Squibb, EMD-Serono, Janssen, Merck KGaA, Novartis, Roche, and Sanofi-Genzyme. KF is the current register holder for the Swedish MS register and has received research support from Merck, UCB, Amicus, and Novartis. KAM has received speaker honoraria from Biogen (2023) and Sanofi (2022).
: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (reference: 2021–02384 and 2023-07906-02).
