Iona, Andri
Wang, Baihan
Clarke, Jonathan
Chan, KaHung
Kakkoura, Maria G.
Clarke, Charlotte
Wright, Neil
Yao, Pang
Mazidi, Mohsen
Im, Pek Kei
Rahmati, Maryam
Kartsonaki, Christiana
Morris, Sam
Fry, Hannah
Millwood, Iona Y.
Walters, Robin G.
Chen, Yiping
Du, Huaidong
Yang, Ling
Avery, Daniel
Schmidt-Valle, Dan
Li, Feifei
Yu, Canqing
Sun, Dianjianyi
Lv, Jun
Hill, Michael
Li, Liming
Clarke, Robert
Bennett, Derrick A.
Chen, Zhengming
,
Funding for this research was provided by:
Wellcome Trust (202922/Z/16/Z, 104085/Z/14/Z, 088158/Z/09/Z, 212946/Z/18/Z, 202922/Z/16/Z, 104085/Z/14/Z, 088158/Z/09/Z)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (81390540, 81390541, 81390544)
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFC0900500, 2016YFC0900501, 2016YFC0900504, 2016YFC1303904)
British Heart Foundation (FS/18/23/33512)
Article History
Received: 4 March 2025
Accepted: 9 September 2025
First Online: 10 October 2025
Declarations
:
: All authors declare no competing interests.
: The China Kadoorie Biobank complies with all the required ethical standards for medical research on human subjects. Ethical approvals were granted and have been maintained by the relevant institutional ethical research committees in the UK and China.
: All participants provided written informed consent.