Funding for this research was provided by:
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (K23HL141644)
National Institute on Drug Abuse (K99DA057487)
Article History
Received: 12 September 2025
Accepted: 21 November 2025
First Online: 12 January 2026
Declarations
:
: Drs. Rosman and Wang are listed as inventors on a patent for a machine-learning-based risk prediction model using data from implantable or wearable cardiac devices (U.S. Provisional Patent Application 63/684842). Dr. Rosman has received research grants from Boston Scientific and served on a Biotronik advisory board. She also reports consultancy fees from Pfizer and Biotronik. Dr. Lu has no conflict of interest to declare.
: This study was approved by the Research & Development Committee of the VA Connecticut Healthcare System and a waiver of informed consent was granted (IRBNet# 1582934).