Gómez-Martínez, Carlos https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3077-6702
Paolassini-Guesnier, Pauline https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1308-8024
Fezeu, Léopold K.
Srour, Bernard
Hercberg, Serge
Touvier, Mathilde
Babio, Nancy
Salas-Salvadó, Jordi
Péneau, Sandrine
Funding for this research was provided by:
University of Bergen
Article History
Received: 16 October 2025
Accepted: 13 February 2026
First Online: 18 March 2026
Declarations
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Ethical approval and consent to participate: Electronic informed consent is provided by each individual included in the NutriNet-Santé cohort. The study is registered at , conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and approved by the Institutional Review Board of the French Institute for Health and Medical Research (IRB-Inserm) and the Commission Nationale de l’Informatique et des Libertés (CNIL No. 908450/909216).