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Article History

Accepted: 3 November 2024

First Online: 19 December 2024

Declarations

:

: No specific permits were required for the described fieldwork studies. Permission for sampling the cassava and maize fields was granted by the landowner. However, the plots are not protected in any way.

: All the authors certify that this work carried out in this research followed the principles of ethical and professional conduct have been followed. The funding source had no role the design of this study and not had any role during its execution, data collection and analyses, interpretation of the data, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

: All authors declare no conflict of interest. We also certify that all authors have reviewed the manuscript and approved the final version of manuscript before submission.