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Article History

Received: 25 October 2024

Accepted: 19 February 2025

First Online: 6 March 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted in full compliance with ethical standards for the humane treatment of animals. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Moulay Ismail University, Faculty of Sciences. All procedures adhered to international guidelines for animal research, ensuring the welfare and humane handling of all animals involved. Measures were taken to minimize stress and discomfort during the study.

: All authors have read, understood, and complied with, where applicable, the statement on “Ethical Responsibilities of Authors” as included in the instructions for authors.

: The authors declare no competing interests.